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December 2007 Edition Holland and Hart
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EVENTS TWO MEMORIALS FOR MINERS HUNTINGTON - Two memorials will be built to honor the nine victims of August's Crandall Canyon mine disaster. One, on the outskirts of Huntington, will recognize the "Heroes Among Us," the six miners trapped Aug. 6 in a massive collapse of the mine's walls and the three men who died 10 days later trying to rescue them. The second will be erected much closer to the mine. While it will pay homage to all nine men, its emotional emphasis will be on the six trapped miners who remain entombed deep inside the mine. Their families have no place to go now to talk to their departed loved ones, to cry, to laugh about life's latest twists and turns. Designed largely by Sheila Phillips, whose son Brandon is one of the trapped six, this memorial is meant to be a surrogate headstone far enough up the canyon that "we can see the mountain where they are buried." Exactly where that will be is uncertain. With rumblings that work may revive soon at the South Crandall Canyon mine, directly across the narrow canyon from the Crandall Canyon mine, company officials fear that if the monument is too close to the mines' shared surface facilities, it could be damaged by a steady flow of heavy equipment traffic. A spot along the creek at the intersection of Crandall and Huntington canyons is also a possibility. But Phillips observed that "it means a lot to the families to have their own places to go that are more private, not to be by the highway where people can watch us grieve." There will be time in the next few months to work out the details, both on location and the fine points of the memorial, said Mike Mower, chief of staff for Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. He and Huntington Mayor Hilary Gordon have been working with family members for much of the fall on the development of Crandall Canyon memorials. On Friday, representatives of all nine victims' families gathered in Huntington City Hall to decide on proposals submitted by four artists. The families selected Phillips' plan for the mountain memorial - a circular structure with large stones for each of the six trapped miners and benches for the three killed rescuers - and Karen Jobe Templeton's vision for the memorial on the outskirts of Huntington, just off the highway leading up to the mine and near the junior high school where family members received daily briefings on the ill-fated rescue effort. Templeton, of Spring Glen north of Price, will sculpt deep-relief portraits of all nine miners - the six trapped miners facing one direction, the three rescuers looking back at them - on a 16-foot long, 6-foot tall wall that will be curved to create a sense of embrace. "It's important to show their faces," said Templeton, who told family members "I am so sorry for your grief" and later acknowledged that getting things just right for them will be a motivating challenge for her. "This is different than winning an award," she said. "This is giving back to people when there's nothing you can give them" to make up for what they have lost. Erick Erickson of Price, whose son Don was one of the original six, said he liked Templeton's emphasis on showing the faces of the victims. He hopes that seeing his son's portrait with the others will "put this into perspective where you can start going on with life. You never forget . . . but this might put an end to the sadness of it." Wendy Black, whose husband Dale was killed in the rescue effort, said she felt Templeton's design "was the most beautiful" of the four, noting that the portrait reliefs will give visitors something to touch, not just words. She also fully supported the erection of the mountain memorial. "My husband has a grave. I go over there quite often," she said. "The families of the miners still in the mine should have someplace to go." The memorial development process was "good but hard" for Lola Jenson, whose husband Gary was the federal Mine Safety and Health Administration inspector killed in the rescue. In the end, however, ''the decisions they've come up with will be beautiful,'' she said. ''It will be a wonderful tribute to those guys.''
LISBON VALLEY COPPER MINE TO BE SHUT DOWN More than 100 employees in Grand and San Juan counties employed by the Lisbon Valley copper mine south of Moab will lose their jobs by early February. Constellation Copper, the parent company of the mine, said Friday it will cease mining operations at the site early next year after it mines about 900,000 more tons of ore. But it will continue a leaching process over the next one to three years to extract copper from about 11 million tons of ore that has already been mined. About 58 mine workers will remain employed during that time. The company said in a statement that about 40 million pounds of copper "may be recoverable over the next [one to three] years, based on the leach recovery rate, copper market prices and operating costs." The mine's secondary crushing plant, agglomerator and stacking system will be shut down, cleaned out and partially disassembled for an eventual sale, the company said. When the mine opened in 2005, company officials were hopeful that mining activity and the leaching process used to extract the copper would continue for at least 10 years. But the leaching process is moving far more slowly than originally expected, and the costs of the mining operation were becoming too high, said Bob Washnock, the mine's general manager. The company also experienced some difficulties transporting the ore from the mining sites to the processing facility, he said. "It becomes an economic issue. The company did everything we could possibly do, sparing no dollars, to try to enhance the recovery [of copper]. But we just ran out of time," Washnock said. "The Lisbon Valley mine continues to be a cash drain for the corporation, so it was necessary to take these steps." He said the mining company will continue to meet all outstanding financial obligations and will "try to be a good neighbor" and contribute to local economies. "It just won't look the same," he said. The decision to close the mine was a difficult one, and the company will do what it can to minimize the impact on the laid-off workers, Washnock said. Moab Mayor Dave Sakrison said that Constellation Copper's announcement of the mine closure "came as a complete shock." "My heart goes out to the families of the 100 people who are being laid off," Sakrison said. "It's a loss of good jobs and it's going to have an effect on the economy of Moab and San Juan County. It's just sad. Especially at this time of year," he said.
SLC LAW OFFICE DISSOLVES; Pruitt Gushee, a Salt Lake City law firm specializing in natural resources and public lands issues, is dissolving, with its attorneys and staff splitting up between two large firms. Five attorneys and a title analyst are joining Beatty & Wozniak, a Denver-based energy and natural resources law firm, which will open an office in Salt Lake City. Five other attorneys and secretaries are moving to the Salt Lake City office of Holme Roberts & Owen. In the new association with Beatty & Wozniak, natural resources attorney Fred MacDonald will direct the Salt Lake City office, which will include attorneys Relma Miller and Tony Hunter, and title analyst Cheryl Dunne. Two other Pruitt Gushee attorneys, Rob Thompson and Matt Crockett, will relocate to the firm's Denver office. The Salt Lake City office will open Jan. 1.
KENNECOTT GETS OK FOR UPPER MICHIGAN MINE TRAVERSE CITY, Mich. - The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality on Friday approved permits allowing Kennecott Minerals Co. to operate a nickel and copper mine in the Upper Peninsula. The mine, which Kennecott calls Eagle Project, would target a 6-acre underground deposit expected to yield 250 million to 300 million pounds of nickel and about 200 million pounds of copper. The environmental agency approved three permits for Kennecott - one to build and operate the mine and the others for air and groundwater discharges. Before constructing the mine, Kennecott also needs approval from the Michigan Department of Natural Resources for its plans for surface activities and restoring the site after the mine is closed. The company wants to lease 120 acres for its surface facilities. The agency is expected to announce its decision on those matters Jan. 10. Opponents fear the Marquette County mine would generate sulfuric acid that would leach into ground and surface waters. It would be located near the headwaters of the Salmon Trout River, a Lake Superior tributary in the Yellow Dog Plains region. The company repeatedly has said it would protect the environment. Utah-based Kennecott, a subsidiary of the London-based mining conglomerate Rio Tinto PLC, says the mine would provide more than 100 full-time jobs and boost the local economy.
NATIONAL ENERGY FOUNDATION NAMES NEW (12/19/07) National Energy Foundation (NEF) is pleased to announce that Kraig R. Naasz, president and chief executive officer of the National Mining Association (NMA), has accepted the position of chairman of the board for NEF, a Salt Lake City based non-profit educational organization. Mr. Naasz has been on NEF's board of directors for the past two years. Mr. Naasz joined NMA in September 2005. NMA is the national trade association for the U.S. mining industry and represents coal, metal and industrial mineral producers, mineral processors, equipment manufacturers and other suppliers of goods and services to the domestic mining industry. Prior to joining NMA, Naasz was president of The Fertilizer Institute, president and executive officer of the U.S. Apple Association, and vice president of the Northwest Horticultural Council (NHC). Kraig is a native of Yakima, Washington and graduated from Washington State University in 1984 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in history. He and his wife, Heather, and their daughter, Nadika, presently reside in Oakton, Virginia. Serving as NEF's chairman, Naasz will lead the ten-member board that governs the affairs and property of National Energy Foundation. He will preside over all board meetings and will perform duties pertaining to the chairman's office. Recognition of outstanding professional contributions and sincere congratulations are reflected in this elected position, along with a continued desire for many years of service from Mr. Naasz on behalf of the National Energy Foundation. EARTH DAY AWARDS DEADLINE FOR MINING COMPANY HONORS APPROACHES Awards are given annually to ventures in the areas of coal mining, oil and gas, and minerals mining. Theyrecognize environmental improvements to active mining, producing and exploration sites, innovative uses of technology to protect the environment and outstanding reclamation or site restoration. All oil and gas, coal mining and mineral mining companies operated by non-governmental entities are eligible, along with individuals and other organizations. Nomination forms are on the division's Web site, http://www.ogm.utah.gov.
AT UTAH MINING ASSOCIATION Upon reflection, 2007 for the Utah mining industry was noteworthy in three respects: Commodity prices in general continued to remain high; the Crandall Canyon Mine accident propelled Utah to the forefront of the international and national media for nearly a month; and the global climate change issue placed the continued burning of coal in the worst negative public position since the need to install scrubbing technology and the burning of low sulfur coals in the early 1970's to improve U.S. air quality. As we move into 2008, we hope that the economic growth in China, India, and the rest of Asia will continue to support strong commodity/metal prices. This will help to continue the sound economic performance of Utah's mining section and its associated benefits to the citizens of Utah. For the future of coal burning in an environmentally acceptable way to meet the challenges of global climate change, the adoption of CO2 captive and sequestration technologies will need to be demonstrated and installed on U.S. coal fired electric plants. This is a longterm initiative, but efforts need to be undertaken now for coal to remain a major component of the nation's energy mix in the future. Many things are afoot in our industry, and 2008 should be an exhilarating time for all of us. As one person said: "These times are challenging, but haven't all times been challenging as well?" Best regards for a happy holiday season and a prosperous New Year.
SAFETY FIRST: UTAH SHOULD It's been just four months since the preventable twin tragedies at the Crandall Canyon coal mine. Four months since a glaring lack of oversight resulted in the needless deaths of nine men. How quickly the Utah Mine Safety Commission forgets. Charged with making recommendations to improve safety and prevent the loss of life and limb in Utah's underground coal mines, the commission is toying with a variety of proposals that would have done little to deter the disaster in Emery County. Expanded training programs for miners and rescuers. A state role in coordinating and managing rescue teams. A panel to coordinate with federal mine safety officials. A mine safety commissioner to serve as a watchdog or ombudsman. Tax incentives for coal mine operators who implement new technology and training. Those are fine suggestions, a good start. The commission should write them down and pass them along when it makes its initial recommendations before the state Legislature convenes next month. But it's only a start. Utah needs to establish its own mine inspection agency to supplement the meager, ineffectual efforts of the federal Mine Safety and Health Administration. It might be expensive, but you can't put a price on a life. But some safety commission members are hostile to the idea, while others are dragging their feet under the guise of due diligence. Commission member David Litvin wants to take talk of a state agency off the table. That should come as no surprise. As president of the Utah Mining Association, a pro-mining organization representing the state's mine operators, Litvin is a shill for the industry, and his recommendation should be viewed with that in mind. Mine owners often rail against regulation, but if they do things by the book, they have nothing to fear from another set of eyes on their operations. Commission Chairman Scott Matheson Jr. is one of the foot-draggers. He says it is premature to rule out a state agency, or endorse one. The staff is still gathering information; the official federal Department of Labor investigation into the accident is still laboring on. But federal officials have already said everything the safety commission needs to know. According to MSHA bosses Richard Stickler and Kevin Stricklin, federal inspectors are at a mine site just 5 percent of the time, and they need all the help they can get. "Two sets of eyes," Stickler said, "are better than one."
Return to Top of Page HOUSE PANEL DRAWS IRE OF COAL INDUSTRY, A federal judge rejected an environmental group's effort to stop UtahAmerican Energy Inc.'s preparations to mine coal at the Lila Canyon mine, which the company has said is crucial in the aftermath of the August collapses at its Crandall Canyon mine. The Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance had argued that clearing ground near the mine's entrance would destroy vegetation and cryptobiotic soil, tiny organisms that form a crust on the soil, and generally disrupt the natural state of the canyon on the western slope of the Book Cliffs. U.S. District Judge Dale Kimball, however, refused to prevent UtahAmerican, which also co-owns the nearby Crandall Canyon mine, from proceeding with the work. "While the court recognizes that the project might cause some irreparable harm to the trees, shrubs, grasses and cryptobiotic soil in the area, the court finds that SUWA has failed to present sufficient evidence" to warrant an injunction, Kimball wrote. SUWA attorney Steve Bloch said the organization is disappointed with the ruling and is considering whether to appeal. It will continue to pursue its argument that the mine would harm the environment and that the company's leases expired some time ago. "The court acknowledged there would be some irreparable harm to the vegetation and the soils in Lila Canyon, but at the end of the day it seems [the judge] felt that the potential slowdown for the mining operations outweighed the harm to the environment," Bloch said. UtahAmerican hopes to mine up to 4 million tons of coal a year when the Lila Canyon mine is operational. At a hearing last month, the company's attorneys said delays could be devastating to UtahAmerican, already reeling in the aftermath of two August collapses in the Crandall Canyon mine that killed nine people. The Lila Canyon mine is one of the last high-quality coal reserves in the state, UtahAmerican has said. It is in an area identified as having potential wilderness characteristics, but is not a congressionally designated wilderness area. The Bureau of Land Management estimates there are 27 million tons of coal that could be recovered in the first phase of mining with up to 52 million tons available in later phases. Beginning next month, the company hopes to begin building facilities near the planned entrance to operate the mine, process the coal and load it into trucks to be hauled to the railroad. They will take 18 months to complete. The preparatory construction would span about 40 acres and require the removal of trees and brush and, according to SUWA, would destroy cryptobiotic soil. UtahAmerican argued only about 2.5 acres are covered with cryptobiotic soil and it plans to use an experimental technique to restore the crusts. The initial work will employ about 30 people. Eventually, Lila Canyon will employ 220 miners. UtahAmerican has temporarily closed two of its Utah mines. The Crandall Canyon collapses in August shut down that mine; work is under way to improve safety at the Tower mine and it is expected to reopen in January. Workers at the Westridge mine were idled for a short time earlier this week because the coal it was producing was a lower quality than expected, but work resumed on Wednesday.
NO-POLLUTE COAL PLANT GOES TO ILLINOIS TOWN MATTOON, Ill. - Residents celebrated when this central Illinois city was chosen as the site of a futuristic power plant that would burn coal without emitting global warming gases, then got to work figuring out what comes next. The $1.8 billion plant known as FutureGen, which would store carbon dioxide deep underground, is expected to bring hundreds of jobs to this central Illinois town and will be built on several hundred acres. Mattoon was chosen over nearby Tuscola and two Texas towns, Jewett and Penwell. A standing-room-only crowd that gathered in the old Times Theater to watch the announcement on a big screen erupted in a roar when Mattoon was announced as the winner. People raised their hands in the air, exchanged high-fives and some began to cry. ''I brought two speeches today for two possible outcomes and this is what I'm going to do with one of them,'' said a teary-eyed Angela Griffin, president of the Coles County economic development group, as she held the consolation speech in the air and ripped it to pieces. ''Game over,'' she said. Griffin said representatives from the FutureGen Alliance would be in Mattoon to begin seismic surveys of 16 square miles of land. Officials have said the plant is expected to be operating by 2012 and said that they hope to begin construction by July 2009. City officials say they must determine how to get water to the site, build a road that can handle heavy-construction equipment and hire a city planner. Mike Mudd, chief executive of the FutureGen Alliance, a consortium of 12 U.S. and foreign energy companies, said Mattoon was chosen because of its ''very good'' water resources and geologic conditions and because carbon dioxide could be injected underground directly at the site, possibly simplifying construction. President Bush has touted FutureGen as key to developing carbon-free coal-burning power plants. It is supposed to be virtually pollution-free and produce both electricity and hydrogen - while its carbon dioxide, a leading greenhouse gas, is to be captured and stored deep underground.
ACCESSIBLE COAL GETTING SCARCE With most of Utah's extensive coal resources beyond the reach of mining companies, the future of the state's industry appears limited. "Whether it's 12 years or 40 years, there's an end in sight," said Jim Kohler, chief of the federal Bureau of Land Management's minerals section in Utah. Speaking at the Utah Geological Association's monthly meeting, Kohler said the Wasatch Plateau and Book Cliff coal reserves mined extensively for nearly a century will be depleted before long, while other seams are hard to access or subject to political and environmental challenges. By far the largest coal deposit is in the Kaiparowits Plateau in south-central Utah, accounting for 64 percent of the state's total. But it was taken off the production map when former President Clinton created Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, which surrounded a proposed mine site. Other coal fields, such as the Sago field in the southern Book Cliffs, also face seemingly insurmountable environmental obstacles. Dave Tabet, geologic manager of the Utah Geological Association's energy and minerals program, noted that most of those coal resources are beneath wilderness study areas or oil-and-gas fields. A lack of infrastructure and the likelihood of environmental challenges also left Kohler skeptical about prospects of developing coal resources in southern Utah's Henry Mountains. That coal field accounts for roughly 3.4 percent of the state's estimated recoverable reserves. Without those sources, he said the coal industry will continue to rely upon extraction from the heavily depleted reserves in the Wasatch Plateau and the Book Cliffs. About 10 percent of the state's reserves are in the Wasatch Plateau, whose current extraction operations include Arch Coal's Sufco and Skyline mines, Rocky Mountain Power's Deer Creek mine and UtahAmerican Energy's Crandall and South Crandall mines. The Book Cliffs, whose biggest operations are UtahAmerican Energy's West Ridge and Tower mines, and Arch Coal's Dugout Canyon mine, contains 5.1 percent of reserves. Kohler said Utah's biggest mining operations have about 311 million tons of coal reserves under lease, a quantity that will be gone in a dozen years if recent production levels in Utah remain fairly constant at 27 million tons per year. To underscore the rate of depletion in Utah's coal fields, the BLM official noted that his agency and the State School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration (SITLA) issued leases for 539 million tons of coal from 1974 to 2004. But during that same time frame, Kohler said, coal companies took out 619 million tons. "And with no bright lights" illuminating additional reserves, simple math indicates "there's an end in sight, perhaps, to the coal bank we've been drawing from," he added. Coal is responsible for producing 83 percent of Utah's electricity, said Michael Vanden Berg, the Utah Geological Survey's energy database specialist. That fact is not well understood by the public, said Kohler, recounting the wisdom of an old bumper sticker that said, "Behind Every Light Switch is a Coal Miner."
COAL COSTS: AUDIT CALLS FOR CHANGES AT STATE AGENCY In recent years, the cost of Utah's coal industry regulatory program has been increasing, federal funding has been flat or falling, and taxpayers have been footing a larger share of the bill. But the state Legislature, if it is wise enough to act on the recommendations from a performance audit it ordered for the program, could save money by eliminating unnecessary oversight, reducing the number of program employees and shifting some of the costs to coal operators. While mine owners would be forced to pay permit fees that would generate an estimated $443,000 a year, the cost to the industry would be offset by other audit recommendations that would reduce the acreage covered by mine permits and force state regulators to meet deadlines required under state laws. The coal regulatory program, part of the Utah Division of Oil, Gas and Mining, oversees activities on the surface areas utilized by the state's underground coal mines. Employees enforce environmental and reclamation components of the federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. But, according to the audit, program employees have been overstepping their bounds, requiring coal operatorsto obtain permits for the entire surface area underlain by mines, rather than the much smaller areas actually disturbed by operations aboveground. By reducing the size of permit areas, and improving efficiency in other operations, the program could reduce its workload, allowing for a reduction in workforce from the current 20 full-time employees to 18. Since several vacancies already exist, no layoffs would be necessary. And taxpayers would save an estimated $235,000 per year. It seems like a good deal for all involved. The Legislature should dig in and get it done
ENERGY
UTAH'S ENERGY OUTLOOK IS CLEAN Utah has the potential to be a major exporter of clean energy. Make that mega major. Energy experts who have calculated the state's renewable energy potential figure there are enough geothermal and wind resources to supply about 9.8 million people at today's national consumption levels. If Utah's potential with a newer solar technology also is considered, there could be enough power for an additional 1.4 billion people. With the nation increasingly experiencing energy difficulties and in the face of global warming science, focusing on renewable energy that minimizes carbon dioxide emissions is crucial, according to a geothermal energy industry representative and two federal scientists. Speaking Friday during a governor's energy forum at the state Capitol, the experts talked up renewables and what development could mean for the state's residents and economy. They also noted that the industry can't move forward without more federal and state incentives such as tax credits and regulatory reform, and planning and zoning changes at the local level. Larry Flowers, a wind-power specialist with the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Colorado, said that with Utah and adjacent Western states in the climate-change bull's-eye, wind energy has become more attractive when compared with building new coal-fired or natural-gas power plants. Already, wind supplies 13,000 megawatts of power in the United States and 80,000 megawatts around the world. With natural gas supplies and prices fluctuating, liquefied natural gas has been identified as a future energy source. But that would only continue the nation's dependence on foreign suppliers, Flowers said. Steadily escalating prices for copper, concrete and steel have made new wind power development cheaper than new coal. But it is still more expensive than old coal plants, Flowers said. More problems: There aren't enough transmission lines in the right places, the existing power grid is deteriorating, where to put the lines is hugely contentious and up-front costs are prohibitive without more state and federal incentives. Thomas Mancini, a solar power expert for the Sandia National Laboratories in New Mexico, said utility-scale concentrating solar technology is 10 years behind wind technology. But already contracts have been signed to develop 3 gigawatts of concentrating solar capacity in the Southwest and up to 5 gigawatts elsewhere. Combined, those projects could supply 24 million people with power. Sandia calculated that Utah's large-scale solar potential is 456,147 megawatts, enough for nearly 1.4 billion people at today's national consumption levels. One megawatt is enough for about 750 homes, or 3,000 people. A 350 megawatt plant has been operating in California's Mojave Desert for a decade, Mancini said. That power costs about 12 cents to 16 cents per kilowatt hours, about three times what Utah residents pay for PacifiCorp electricity. PacifiCorp's mix is about 65 percent coal-fired, the dirtiest type of power contributing to global warming. Besides its initial cost, solar power has been limited by its daytime-only generation. But a new technology that uses molten salt can store energy-producing heat for 7 1/2 hours, Mancini said. But geothermal could stand in for traditional base-load energy because it is available around the clock, said Paul Thomsen, spokesman for Ormat Technologies. The Reno, Nev., company develops, builds, owns and operates geothermal and recovered energy generation power plants in the United States, Guatemala, Kenya and Nicaragua. Utah's current geothermal output is minimal, yielding only about 37 megawatts. By comparison, Nevada's state renewable energy standard has helped spur development of about 200 megawatts of geothermal energy. In the absence of any federal program, 25 states have adopted renewable energy standards that are giving renewables a boost. Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. is pushing for a renewable energy standard that could mean 20 percent of the state's total would come from alternative sources. Those sources likely will be more expensive than traditional energy in the near term. But Utah Clean Energy executive director Sarah Wright, who is helping Huntsman achieve his conservation goal of 20 percent, pointed out that households saving that much would completely offset any renewable energy-related cost increases. Ormat's 100 megawatt plant in Nevada represented a $350 million investment and netted the state $2 million in taxes in 2006, Thomsen said. Mancini said that if 1,000 megawatts of concentrating solar energy were developed in Utah, it would mean $2 billion to $4 billion in private investment. The investment would create 3,000 to 4,000 construction jobs and 250 permanent solar plant jobs, mostly in rural areas, and bring $1 billion in state taxes.
ENERGY FUTURE: SWITCHING FROM OIL TO RENEWABLES GOOD FOR UTAH The crisis of global warming caused by burning coal and oil has been denied and ignored by many of Utah's conservative elected officials, as well as Republicans in Washington. Now, ironically, it could turn out to be an economic boon for the state. A panel of experts has reported that the production of 1,000 megawatts of solar energy could bring $2 billion to $4 billion in investment money, 3,000 to 4,000 construction jobs, 250 permanent jobs and $1 billion in state taxes. That's just for solar power. The state also has vast wind and geothermal resources. But successfully going after the profits and jobs created by selling power from wind, sun and geothermal energy will require a major political attitude shift. The tax breaks now bolstering oil and gas exploration and production would have to be granted, instead, to alternative energy development. And that won't happen easily, given the hold Big Oil has on Washington, and Utah, politicians. New regulations and attractive zoning can and should be created locally, however, to encourage investment in the alternative-energy industry. Gov. Jon Huntsman appears to recognize the benefits of such a switch. He is promoting a renewable-energy standard for Utah, similar to those in other states, which would require 20 percent of Utah's total energy to come from renewable sources. The calculation of energy experts who say Utah has the renewable resources to provide power for more than 1.4 billion people should further pique the governor's interest. And if they are paying attention, it should also move state legislators to action, with the 20 percent requirement just a starting point. Pulling energy from some alternative sources will be more expensive than traditional power in the beginning. But improved technology and conservation could soon offset the increased cost, especially when, as predicted, the price of oil zooms past $100 a barrel and the political stability of oil-producing countries stays volatile . Such a sea change in energy policy is imperative if the world is to avoid the worst of the global-warming scenarios - submerging coastal cities, widespread drought, floods, fires and massive human migrations among them. The point is, alternative energy development is not only the best economic option for Utah's future, but the only way to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels that is propelling us toward unprecedented catastrophe.
PACIFICORP UNPLUGS COAL-PLANTS PLAN Rocky Mountain Power and its parent company, PacifiCorp, have abandoned efforts to build three new coal-fired power plants, saying the utility can't evaluate its costs until the federal government decides whether it will limit or tax carbon-dioxide emissions. Two additions to the utility's Jim Bridger power plant near Rock Springs, Wyo., and a third Intermountain Power Project unit near Delta are on hold at least through the coming decade, though PacifiCorp hasn't altogether abandoned the notion of new coal plants, said spokesman Dave Eskelsen. The move comes at a time of mounting concern about global warming and acknowledges growing certainty that Congress will approve a bill aimed at curbing the nation's carbon dioxide emissions, the main contributor to climate change. Meanwhile, old benchmarks no longer work for utilities to calculate what energy could be provided to consumers at the lowest cost, Eskelsen said. The utility outlined its decision in a recent filing with the Utah Public Service Commission, which recognizes significant difficulties ahead for coal-fired power. "Within the last few months, it has become apparent that Congress will enact some restriction on carbon emissions, but the projected cost impact upon new coal generation is currently within such a wide range as to make meaningful risk assessment futile. . . . Most of the planned coal plants in the United States have been canceled, denied permits or have been involved in protracted litigation," the document says. Tim Wagner, director of the Utah Smart Energy Campaign with the Utah chapter of the Sierra Club, said he was "thrilled" that PacifiCorp has stalled its coal plants. "It clearly shows the utility is paying attention to what's going on in the market and consumer demand," Wagner said. "It may end up forcing them to diversify with more renewables." The decision also could be good for public health. "If they really are staying away from new coal for the next 10 years," Wagner said, "that may be a positive thing for Utah's air quality." PacifiCorp operates in six states, with most of its power feeding Utah and Oregon, which historically have had distinctly different approaches to environmental matters. Energy activists in Oregon have questioned the validity of PacifiCorp's computer modeling used to justify a 4 percent rate hike request, which the anti-coal group N.W. Energy Coalition says was programmed to favor fossil fuels over renewables. Oregon's Public Utilities Commission has refused to acknowledge PacifiCorp's plan for providing 1,000 new megawatts of electricity between 2012 and 2015, an action that signaled the utility's plans would face harder scrutiny of any coal-fired power proposals. Utah's PSC endorsed the plan. The power would serve 750,000 to 1 million households. Eskelsen acknowledged the policy differences between Oregon and Utah. "Generally, Utah has been a little more open to the idea of a coal plant," he said. "But the discussion of whether to build coal regarding climate change has been a discussion going on everywhere." PacifiCorp will need around 1,000 megawatts of power between 2012 and 2015. Eskelsen said it's likely the utility will seek to expand natural gas power plants in Vineyard and Mona. The costs of building new coal-fired and new natural gas plants are about equal. But natural gas could cost roughly three times more than the coal needed to fire a new plant, Eskelsen said. While the newer power would be more expensive, the cost would be diluted by Utah's reliance on coal, he said. Still, ratepayers should expect to see an increase in their bills, now among the lowest in the nation.
N-POWER FIRM SIGNS ANOTHER WATER DEAL A company run by a Utah legislator seeking to build a series of nuclear power plants in Utah has inked another deal for water to cool its nuclear reactors, this time with the San Juan Water Conservancy District. Transition Power Development LLC signed an agreement with the water district to acquire the rights to 24,000 acre-feet of water for the next 70 years. The company, led by Rep. Aaron Tilton, R-Springville, is seeking to build several nuclear power plants, with early indications that they are looking to build in Emery County. The company contracted with the Kane County Water Conservancy District in September for rights to 30,000 acre-feet of water from the Green River in Emery County. The state would have to approve both deals before the water rights could be transferred. "Obviously we need water and we're trying to do this right," said Tom Retson, president of Transition Power. But he declined to comment on the San Juan lease. The San Juan Conservancy Board approved the contract in an emergency meeting on Nov. 29, in order to meet Transition Power's application deadlines, according to the San Juan Record newspaper. San Juan County Clerk Norman Johnson, who also serves as chairman of the conservancy board, said the board unanimously supported the contract. "There was a lot of discussion as to what the future holds, trying to look down the road 20, 30, 40 years, what our own needs will be. It was a healthy discussion," he said. But the board was "absolutely positive" about the prospects for a nuclear plant. "You won't get me to say anything negative about nuclear. There were absolutely no negatives relating to that." The rights that Transition Power acquired are currently on the San Juan River, but the company plans to seek to transfer them to the Green River. Both the Kane and San Juan rights require the Utah Division of Water Rights to approve the rights and points of diversion - where the water will be taken from the river. The San Juan conservancy acquired the water rights for community use in 1967, but they would lapse and revert to the state in 2017 unless they were developed. Transition Power paid the district $10,000 when it signed the contract and agreed to pay $80,000 per year until the plant opens, presumably in 10 years. From there on it will pay $800,000 yearly for the remaining 60 years of the contract. Tilton was criticized for quietly working on the nuclear power plant proposal while sitting on a legislative committee that oversees public utilities and on Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr.'s climate change advisory committee. Transition Power initially plans to build one 1,500 megawatt plant, but its contract with Kane County says ultimately it wants to build as many as four. The company has not settled on a location, Tilton said last week. Consultants are in the process of reviewing the options.
SAVING THE PLANET: CONGRESS SHOULD LIMIT POWER-PLANT EMISSIONS
A third Intermountain Power Project unit near Delta and two planned additions to the company's Jim Bridger plant in Wyoming will not be built for at least 10 years, and maybe never. That is a farsighted business decision, given the United States' unsustainable dependence on fossil fuels and the climate change caused by burning those fuels. We urge Congress to meet Pacificorp's expectations and act soon to restrict coal plants that emit tons of carbon dioxide, the chief cause of global warming. Such restrictions, in the form of carbon taxes or outright limits on emissions, should be part of an overall strategy to force utility companies to get serious about developing renewable sources of energy. Pacificorp is like all energy companies. It produces power the cheapest way it can, and burning coal has been a way to keep its costs low. Utah consumers have benefited, too, with some of the lowest electricity rates in the country. But utilities cannot focus solely on the bottom line and continue to ignore the long-term costs to the environment. Scientists have described in no uncertain terms what continuing to spew CO2 into the atmosphere at the current rate will do. Drought, rising sea levels, severe weather and flooding are all in our future. It's not a matter of "if," but of how severe these changes will be. A new report shows the Arctic ice cap melting much faster than previously predicted. Utah already is experiencing increasing air pollution, summer heat, drought and shrinking snowpack. Utah produces more greenhouse gases per capita than other states. Change will only come when polluters, including energy companies, have an economic incentive to develop wind, solar and geothermal energy instead of relying on coal as a power source. In a filing with the Utah Public Service Commission, Pacificorp said it cannot make meaningful risk assessments, since it does not know what government restrictions lie ahead. It's time Congress let Pacificorp and other utilities know that saving the planet means their range of options is narrowing.
SCIENTISTS FEAR CLIMATE HAS HIT TIPPING POINT Washington -- An already relentless melting of the Arctic greatly accelerated this summer, a warning sign that some scientists worry could mean global warming has passed on ominous tipping point. One even speculated that summer sea ice would be gone in five years. Greenland's ice sheet melted nearly 19 billion tons more than the previous high mark, and the volume of Arctic sea ice at summer's end was half what it was just four years earlier, according to a new NASA satellite data obtained by The Associated Press. "The .Arctic is screaming," said Mark Serreze, senior scientist at the government's snow and ice data in Boulder, Colo. Just last year, two top scientists surprised their colleagues projecting that the Arctic sea ice was melting so rapidly that it could disappear entirely by the summer of 2040. After reviewing his own new data, NASA climate scientist Jay Zwally said: "At this rate, the Arctic Ocean could be nearly ice-free at the end of summer by 2012, much faster than previous predictions." So scientists in recent days have been asking themselves these questions: Was the record melt seen all over the Arctic in 2007 a blip amid relentless and steady warming? Or has everything sped up to a new climate cycle that goes beyond the worst-case scenarios presented by computer models? "The Arctic is often cited as the canary in the coal mine for climate warming," said Zwally, who as a teenager hauled coal. "Now as a sign of climate warming, the canary has died. it is time to start getting out of the coal mines." What happens in the Arctic has implications for the rest of the world. Faster melting there means eventual sea level rise and more immediate changes in winter weather because of less sea ice. In the United States, a weakened Arctic blast moving south to collide with moist air from the Gulf of Mexico can mean less rain and snow in some areas, including the drought-stricken Southeast, said Michael MacCracken, a former federal climate scientist who now heads the nonprofit Climate Institute. Some regions, like Colorado, would likely get extra rain or snow. Surface temperatures in the Arctic Ocean this summer were the highest in 77 years of record-keeping, with some places 8 degrees Fahrenheit above normal, according to research by University of Washington's Michael Steele. Greenland, in particular, is a significant bellwether. Most of its surface is covered by ice. If it completely melted — something key scientists think would likely take centuries, not decades — it could add more than 22 feet to the world's sea level. However, for nearly the past 30 years, the data pattern of its ice sheet melt has zigzagged. A bad year, like 2005, would be followed by a couple of lesser years. According to that pattern, 2007 shouldn't have been a major melt year, but it was, said Konrad Steffen, of the University of Colorado, which gathered the latest data. "I'm quite concerned," he said. "Now I look at 2008. Will it be even warmer than the past year?" Other new data, from NASA satellite, measure ice volume. NASA geophysicist Scott Luthcke, reviewing it and other Greenland numbers, concluded: "We are quite likely entering a new regime." Melting of sea ice and Greenland's ice sheets also alarms scientists because they become part of a troubling spiral. White sea ice reflects about 80 percent of the sun's heat off Earth, NASA's Zwally said. When there is no sea ice, about 90 percent of the heat goes into the ocean, which then warms everything else up. Warmer oceans then lead to more melting. NASA scientist James Hansen, the lone-wolf researcher often called the godfather of global warming, on Thursday was to tell scientists and others at the American Geophysical Union scientific in San Francisco, that in some ways Earth has hit one of his so-called tipping points, based on Greenland melt data. "We have passed that and some other tipping points in the way that I will define them," Hansen said in an email. "We have not passed a point of no return. We can still roll things back in time — but it is going to require a quick turn in direction.- Last year. Cecilia Bitz at the University of Washington and Marika Holland at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Colorado startled their colleagues when they predicted an Arctic free of sea ice in just a few decades. Bitz. unlike others at NASA, believes that "next year we'll be back to normal, but we'll be seeing big anomalies again, occurring more frequently in the future."
DUMPING GROUND: NUCLEAR WASTE Clouds are gathering. A perfect storm is brewing. A radioactive storm. Circumstances - world-wide nuclear power proliferation in response to global warming, Nuclear Regulatory Commission reluctance to ban imported radioactive waste, the presence of a home-grown low-level radioactive waste dump in Utah, plans for a nuclear power plant in the state, and a low-pressure system resulting from short-sighted elected officials and an apathetic public - have combined to put Utah squarely in the storm's path. The forecast is grim: There's a chance that Utah could become the dumping ground for the world's radioactive waste. But if we act fast, if we put the pressure on our public officials, it's not too late to steer the storm away. Here's some background information you'll find helpful as you lobby on our state's behalf. The world is turning toward nuclear power to combat climate change. In the U.S. alone, the NRC expects to receive as many as 30 applications for new nuclear power plants by 2010. Other countries are doing the same. That means a lot more dangerous nuclear waste, everything from mildly-contaminated clothing to lethal spent fuel, will need to be disposed of - somewhere. The fact that the NRC has set a dangerous precedent by allowing domestic disposal firms to import irradiated materials from other countries makes it more likely that significant amounts of the world's waste will come to the United States. And Utah's low population and vast open spaces, plus the precedent that was set when we allowed a low-level radioactive waste dump to be foisted upon it, makes it more likely that this will be the place. Add to that the fact that EnergySolutions, which owns and operates our radioactive waste disposal facility in Tooele County, is attempting to import 20,000 tons of irradiated waste from Italy, and, well, you see the big picture. Of course, Gov. Jon Huntsman, EnergySolutions, and the politicians in its pockets, say not to worry. When the dump is full, we're done. End of story. Don't believe it. The money is too tempting; the threat is real. So call the governor, and your state and federal legislators, and express your concern about nuclear power and radioactive waste. Tell them, in no uncertain terms, to tell the NRC to deny the request to import irradiated materials from Italy. Tell them Utah has already taken enough radioactive waste from elsewhere. Tell them we're not going to take it anymore. There's a chance that Utah could become the dumping ground for the world's radioactive waste.
CHINA BALKS AT CO2 CUTS BALI, Indonesia -- Developing countries led by China squabbled with the West over mandatory emission cuts at the Bali climate change conference, as activists accused Canada of undermining the negotiations by insisting on targets for poor nations. China, which some believe has surpassed the U.S. as the world's top emitter of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases, questioned the fairness of binding cuts when its per capita emissions are about one-sixth of America's. China said that it has only been pumping pollutants into the atmosphere fora few decades, whereas the West has done so for hundreds of years. "China is in the process of industrialization and there is a need for economic growth to meet the basic needs of the people and fight against poverty," said Su Wei, a member of China's delegation at the U.N. Climate Change Conference in Bali. "I just wonder whether it's fair to ask developing countries like China to take on binding targets," Su said. "I think there is much room for the United States to think whether it's possible to change [its] lifestyle and consumption patterns in order to contribute to the protection of the global climate." Delegates from nearly 190 nations are attended the Dec. 3-14 meeting in Bali and are likely to agree to launch negotiations that will lead to an international accord to succeed the 1997 Kyoto Protocol on global warming. They also are expected to set a deadline for completing negotiations and agree on some of the issues to Member of China's delegation at the U.N. Climate Change Conference be discussed. The protocol, which was rejected by the United States, commits three dozen industrialized countries to cut their greenhouse gases an average of 5 percent below 1990 levels between next year and 2012, when it expires. Indonesian Environment Minister Rachmat Witoelar, who is president of the conference, said discussions on starting post-Kyoto negotiations were on track and that "God willing" an agreement would be reached by next weekend. "There is no deadlock," he said. "I would think about 85 percent of those in the room have the same direction." But Climate Action Network Canada. a coalition of Canadian environmental groups, said Canadian negotiators in Bali have been told to "demand that poorer nations accept the same binding absolute emission reduction targets as developed nations." The chief U.N. climate scientist. Rajendra Pachauri, said it was next to impossible to expect the developing world to agree to cuts when their per capita emissions are so much less than the West. "What is absolutely essential is to see that the developed countries establish a record of action and commitment, which I think will induce and provide a moral basis for developing countries to assume the burden.- Pachauri said. "In the absence of that, I don't think anything is going to happen. With per capita levels being so different, it's not likely that anybody in the developing world would accept commitments." Angus Friday, chairman of the Alliance of Small Island States — many of which are threatened by rising sea levels — said developed countries had a "moral responsibility" to show leadership on the issue and act first to tackle global warming since they have contributed far more to the problem than poor countries. "The danger in the developed world is that the culture of entitlement is not being matched by the culture of responsibility," he said.
DATA SHOW 2007 EIGHTH-WARMEST YEAR FOR U.S. WASHINGTON — A vast swath of the United States was warmer than usual this year, leading to severe drought conditions and wildfires in the West and Southeast. Texas, the Lone Star state, stood alone, the only one to record below average temperatures. Preliminary data released by federal scientists predict the annual average temperature for 2007 across the contiguous United States at near 54.3 degrees Fahrenheit – making the year the eighth warmest since records were first kept in 1895. Wordwide, the average temperature for the year, expected to be near 58 degrees Fahrenheit, is on pace to be the fifth warmest ever, said the report by NOAA's National Climatic Data Center. "Within the last 30 years the rate of warming is about three times greater than the rate of warming since 1900," said Jay Lawrimore, chief of the climate monitoring branch at the center. "The annual temperatures continue to be either near-record or at record levels year in and year out." In the U.S., the months of March and August were the second-warmest in more than 100 years. Six states -- Kentucky, Tennessee, South Carolina, Georgia. Alabama and Florida -- had the warmest August month on record. In 113 years of record keeping, all but four states — Texas. Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont — experienced either above average or significantly above average temperatures from January through November. Wyoming had its second-warmest year; Idaho and Utah had the fifth-warmest dears on record. North Carolina had the driest year so far. From midsummer into December, more than three-quarters of the Southeast was in drought, the report said. The problem in Texas. Lawrimore said, was too much rain that led to flooding and the wettest summer on record. The cloudy and rainy weather for much of the year contributed to the cooler temperatures for the state, he said. Globally, seven of the eighth warmest years on record have occurred since 2001, and the 10 warmest years have all occurred since 1997, said the report. "When you see these numbers, it's screaming out at you, 'This is global warming.' " I said climate scientist Andrew Weaver of the University of Victoria in Canada. "It's the beginning and it's unequivocal." Weaver said previous warm-weather records probably would have been broken this year were it not for some cooling toward the end of the year because of La Nina — a cooling of the mid-Pacific equatorial region. At a U.N. climate conference on Bali this week, delegates from nearly 190 nations, including the United States, have been trying to hammer out a roadmap for negotiations fora new global warming pact that would take effect in 2012 after the current one expires. Former vice president and Nobel laureate Al Gore told delegates Thursday that the United States was "principally responsible" for blocking progress toward an agreement on launching negotiations to replace the Kyoto Protocol. Gore won this year's Nobel Peace. Prize for helping alert the world to the danger of climate change. As the world warms, scientists fear an increase in disease, killer weather and the extinction of vast numbers of species.
MINING COMPANIES GET THE GOLD, Gifts of jewelry - particularly gold - are a perennial favorite on Santa's list. And with the metal's price hovering near $800 an ounce, the tiniest golden bauble, bangle or bead will be a coveted commodity. But even if you don't elect to splurge on this luxury, it still will cost you plenty because mining companies from around the world can take gold from U.S. lands basically for free, leaving taxpayers with nothing but the cost of cleaning up the damage that mining leaves behind. Although the practice seems naughty, it's all nice and legal because of an obsolete federal law. And although the House of Representatives recently passed legislation to close the loopholes, the metal mining industry's allies in the Senate might block the long-overdue reforms. The mining of gold and other hard-rock minerals on public lands is governed by the General Mining Law of 1872, which has remained virtually unchanged since it was signed by President Grant to encourage settlement of the West. The statute was designed to reward pioneers who survived the trek across the frontier with the opportunity to mine gold and other metals freely and in unlimited amounts. The prospectors are long gone, but the incentives remain. Today, the highly profitable hard-rock mining industry - much of it foreign-owned - continues to receive generous U.S. tax breaks. And it pays virtually nothing for gold and other precious metals it takes from public lands with few restraints. In sharp contrast, oil, gas and coal companies have been reimbursing taxpayers for decades with billions of dollars in royalties that were paid for resources removed from federal property. Not surprisingly, such free and easy access has resulted in the United States joining the ranks of the world's top producers of gold, most of which ends up as jewelry. And despite its escalating cost, world demand is soaring. The United States now imports less gold than it sends overseas, predominantly to eager consumers in India, China and the Middle East. The gold may be exported, but the mess made stays behind. The production of just one gold ring generates about 20 tons of waste, according to one mining policy organization, much of it left to litter the landscape as well as polluting rivers and streams. Today, most gold is mined from open pits, which can run a mile long and equally as deep. Utah's Bingham Canyon, which produces gold as well as copper, silver and molybdenum, forms a crater large enough to be visible from outer space. Moreover, once the ore has been excavated, mining companies separate the gold from the rock with cyanide - a substance so toxic that voters in Montana have outlawed its use in outdoor chemical processing. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, taxpayers face a bill of more than $50 billion to clean up the waste and water contamination that gold and other hard-rock mining has left behind. It's about to get worse. Driven by record demand and a weak U.S. dollar, investors and speculators are snatching up mining claims at an alarming rate. A recent analysis of government data by the nonpartisan Environmental Working Group found that, in the past five years, there has been an 80 percent increase in the number of new mining claims in 12 Western states, many within a stone's throw of Grand Canyon, Yosemite and other national parks. A solution finally might be at hand. The House recently passed bipartisan legislation that would establish royalty payments and set up environmental standards for operations and cleanup, as well as provide special protection for parks, wild and scenic river corridors, and national forest roadless areas. The measure faces a tougher test in the Senate, where its important environmental and taxpayer protections could get watered down by mining industry allies. Mining is an important part of the nation's economy. But it must be regulated by modern law - one that protects the environment and the taxpayers. It's time for Congress to stop playing Santa for a few companies and leave a little something for the taxpayers.
U.S. BACKS DOWN, CLEARING WAY BALI, Indonesia - In a hushed conference hall, as envoys from 186 nations looked on, the world's lone superpower took a tongue-lashing from its most powerless, nation after poor nation assailing the U.S. "no" on the document at hand. Then the delegate from Papua New Guinea leaned into his microphone. "We seek your leadership," Kevin Conrad told the Americans. "But if for some reason you are not willing to lead, leave it to the rest of us. Please get out of the way." The U.N. climate conference exploded with applause, the U.S. delegation backed down, and the way was cleared Saturday for adoption of the "Bali Roadmap" after a dramatic half-hour that set the stage for a grinding two years of climate talks to come. "This is the beginning, not the end," U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who made a plea here for action, later told the Associated Press. The Bali conference, a contentious two-week affair that lapsed into an extra day, was charged with launching negotiations to replace the Kyoto Protocol when it expires in 2012. That pact requires 37 industrial nations to reduce greenhouse gases by a relatively modest 5 percent on average in the next five years. As the "roadmap'" talks begin, the focus again will fall on the United States, the lone major industrial nation to reject Kyoto. Many will be looking to next year following the election of a new American President, one that may be wore willing to deal on deeper mandatory emissions cuts than President Bush who favors only voluntary approaches to reining in greenhouse gases. What those negotiators decide by 2009 is likely to help set the course of global warming and climate change for decades to come. In a series of pivotal reports this year, a U.N. network of climate and other scientists warned of severe consequences – from rising seas, severe weather, species extinction and other effects -- if sharp cutbacks To avoid the worst, the Nobel Prize-winning Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change said, emissions should be reduced by 25 percent to 40 below 1990 levels by 2020. Those numbers, endorsed by the Europeans and other `Kyoto-ratifying nations, were written into early 'versions of this conference's final decision — as a guideline, not a binding target. The U.S. delegation, led by Undersecretary of State Paula J. Dobriansky, managed to get the figures expunged. But it was a separate issue that precipitated the riveting, 11th-hour floor fight. India sought to amend the document to strengthen requirements for richer nations to help poorer nations with technology to limit emissions and adapt to climate change's impacts. Undersecretary of State Paula J. Dobriansky, the leader of the U.S. delegation, objected. "We are not prepared to accept this formulation," she said, setting off loud, long boos in the hall. America's isolation was complete. No one spoke in support. And Dobriansky capitulated, withdrawing the U.S. objection, to general applause.
GOVERNORS TRY TO FILL GAPS State governors are increasingly finding themselves compensating for inaction in Congress, tackling some of the thorniest issues facing the nation: immigration, global warming and the Iraq War, says Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. Huntsman, a Republican, joined Arizona Democratic Gov. Janet Napolitano on National Public Radio's "Diane Rehm Show" to discuss a trend of governors cooperating across party lines to deal with issues affecting their regions. "It has become alarming that Washington has failed to act on one of the most important issues of our time," Huntsman said of immigration reform. "We [the states] are doing everything we can do." Arizona has approved sanctions against employers who are caught intentionally hiring undocumented immigrants more than once, said Napolitano, but has yet to see a similar measure at a national level. Western states, which combined have the fifth-largest economy in the world, face many common issues, including growth, climate change, water resources and energy, Huntsman said. Governors in the West have created regional agreements to cap greenhouse gases. "Our solutions and objectives are surprisingly in sync," he said of Western governors, more than half of whom are Democrats. "If the federal government is not going to address the energy conundrum we face, then you are going to see something fill that void. You are seeing Western governors step up to address many of these issues - group by group. Nature abhors a vacuum and so does politics." Frustrated with stagnation on energy and global warming legislation in Washington, Huntsman joined California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and Democratic Gov. Brian Schweitzer of Montana in a commercial calling for aggressive action to cut greenhouse gases. "It's in our economic interests to move forward. We decided to speak out." But Huntsman warned that the patchwork of approaches from different regions that will come out of the states' frustration will increase regulatory difficulties for the business community. Napolitano said even the impact of the nation's foreign affairs, particularly the war in Iraq, is reaching down to the state level because of the heavy involvement of state National Guard units. Governors are also commander-in-chief of their National Guard and are responsible for the troops in the field, she said. Often it means contacting families of soldiers killed in action. "That brings that war home in a very direct way to governors," Napolitano said. "It's not as immediate to members of Congress." At Thanksgiving, Huntsman visited some of the 1,000 Utah National Guard troops in Iraq. "I thought it was important to simply say, 'Thank you.'"
WESTERN TOWNS BACKING BILL TO REVAMP HARD-ROCK MINING LAW DENVER - Towns throughout the Rocky Mountain West that oppose mines near water supplies and scenic areas are backing efforts to revamp a federal law regulating hard-rock mining that has changed little since Ulysses S. Grant was president. A bill passed by the U.S. House in November would impose the first-ever federal royalties on gold, silver, copper and other metals mines, beef up environmental controls and give federal agencies the ability to say ''No'' to a mine that would irreparably harm the environment. For many, that last part is the heart of the bill. Under the 1872 law, federal agencies could scrutinize a company's plan and require environmental safeguards. But they can't decide, as they can with oil and gas drilling, that no development should occur in a certain spot. The bill faces a rougher time in the Senate. It would allow local, state and tribal governments to petition the federal government to withdraw certain lands from the filing of new mining claims. Industry officials say they don't oppose updating the law or even charging royalties. But they insist that the House bill's fees would be punitive and that provisions allowing denial of mining claims would hurt the industry. Prices for many of the metals covered by the hard-rock mining law - gold, copper, uranium, molybdenum - have surged in recent years as worldwide demand has increased. But proponents say it's past time to overhaul a law originally intended to encourage settlement of the West. Sen. Ken Salazar, D-Colo., supports mining reform that includes a so-called Good Samaritan provision that would protect groups or companies willing to clean up abandoned mines from legal liability under the federal Clean Water Act. There are about 500,000 abandoned mines nationwide. Lead, arsenic and other metals from some of the mines have contaminated lakes and streams. Salazar spokesman Cody Wertz said the senator is working with others on a version of the bill that can pass the Senate. Since 1872, according to the Washington-based environmental group Earthworks, at least $245 billion worth of gold, silver, copper, uranium and other metalshave been mined on public lands with nothing going to taxpayers. The mining industry argues that the proposed royalty of 4 percent of gross revenue on existing operations and 8 percent on new mines would be among the highest worldwide in a country with some of the highest wages and costs.
REPORTS SIGNAL ECONOMIC WEAKNESS WASHINGTON - Consumers battered by a slumping housing market and a credit crunch have slowed the growth in spending to the smallest amount in four months. In another sign of weakness, construction activity fell by a larger-than-expected amount. The Commerce Department reported Friday that consumer spending edged up 0.2 percent in October, the weakest showing since a similar increase in June. Individual incomes grew by just 0.2 percent last month, the poorest showing in six months. Meanwhile, a separate Commerce report showed construction spending fell by 0.8 percent last month, the biggest decline since July. Activity in the besieged housing industry fell for a 20th straight month while nonresidential construction weakened as well. The weakness in consumer spending, incomes and construction raised new worries about spreading economic weakness caused by the steepest slump in housing in more than 20 years and a widening credit crisis triggered by rising mortgage defaults. Consumers are also being battered by surging prices for gasoline and other energy products. ''Consumers are still spending, though not nearly at the pace they had been,'' said Joel Naroff, chief economist at Naroff Economic Advisors. While economists are expressing growing concerns about a possible recession, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke signaled in a speech Thursday night that the central bank is prepared to cut interest rates further if needed to keep the country out of a full-blown downturn. His comments followed similar remarks by Fed Vice Chairman Donald Kohn and have raised hopes that the central bank, which has cut rates at its last two meetings, will reduce them further when Fed officials meet Dec. 11. Fed officials have said the central bank needs to make sure inflation pressures do not get out of hand given the recent jump in oil prices to nearly $100 per barrel. They got good news on that front Friday. A gauge of core inflation tied to consumer spending edged up 0.2 percent in October and is up 1.9 percent over the past year. That increase is within the Fed's 1 percent to 2 percent comfort range for core inflation, which excludes energy and food. The 0.8 percent drop in construction was far bigger than the 0.2 percent dip that had been expected. Private residential construction fell by a sharp 2 percent, the 20th straight decline in this troubled sector. Private nonresidential construction, which had been helping to cushion the housing downturn, dropped by 0.5 percent, the first decline in this category in 13 months. The only strength came in government activity, which was up 0.8 percent as spending on state and local projects hit an all-time high. Analysts said the 0.2 percent gain in consumer spending represented a slow start to the fourth quarter with even further weakness expected as the full impact of recent declines in consumer confidence weigh on holiday spending. Ian Shepherdson, chief U.S. economist at High Frequency Economics, predicted that consumer spending would rise by 1 percent to 1.5 percent in the current quarter and he said a reading below 1 percent can't be ruled out. In the third quarter, consumer spending posted a solid 2.7 percent rate of increase. The 0.2 percent October spending advance was slightly below the 0.3 percent increase analysts had been expecting. Consumer spending is closely watched because it accounts for two-thirds of total economic activity.
GOOD NEWS FOR MINE COUNTRY Carbon and Emery counties, still coping with the Crandall Canyon mine collapse, got some good news when Sorenson Communications Inc. said it will open a call center in Price that is expected to employ more than 100 people by the end of next year. The two central Utah counties have been hit hard by the coal mine catastrophe in August, when six miners were entombed and three rescuers were killed. Hundreds of miners working for UtahAmerican Energy and its parent, Murray Energy Corp., have been laid off or idled. Now, Price is getting an economic boost from Salt Lake City-based Sorenson, which provides communications services to the deaf and hard-of-hearing. About 50 people are scheduled to go to work in January or February in a temporary center in the former Utah Division of Wildlife Services building. Additional employees will be hired as demand increases. "It's a ray of sunlight in a cloudy sky. I think it's wonderful, but it would be welcome anytime," Price Mayor Joe Piccolo said after a news conference at Sorenson's headquarters. Piccolo's father was killed in a mining accident 50 years ago. The center will help deaf and hard-of-hearing people communicate from any computer or mobile device with hearing telephone users. A hearing-impaired individual will send text messages through the Internet to a Sorenson employee who will call the hearing person and read the message. The hearing person responds orally, and the employee types the message back to the hearing-impaired person. At the news conference, Gov. Jon Huntsman Jr. lauded Sorenson executives for choosing Price for the center. Emery and Carbon counties have suffered greatly in the past four months, the governor said. "And now we have Sorenson Communications that steps up and does what I think is one of the most important things that anyone can do in a community . . . and that's offer jobs, because in the end there's nothing more powerful that you can give a family or an individual than a job," Huntsman said. The center will move next summer to a larger building under construction at 600 West and 200 South, Nola said. About 60 percent of the jobs will be full time, paying $9 an hour, plus health insurance, a 401(k) retirement program and vacation benefits. Part-time workers will earn $9.50 an hour but will not receive health benefits. They will be eligible for the 401(k) program if they work at least 1,000 hours a year. "Price is a terrific city," Nola said. "We think it's going to be a beautiful fit between our company and the citizens of Price. We think it's a great work opportunity." The unemployment rate in Carbon County was 4.1 percent in October, according to the Utah Department of Workforce Services. It was 3.6 percent in Emery County, home of the Crandall Canyon mine. The state's rate is 2.8 percent. Mike McCandless, Emery County's economic development director, welcomed Sorenson's announcement, noting that the economies of both counties are intertwined. "Carbon and Emery counties are one economic unit, and certainly any new business helps us both. . . . We're thrilled to have any kind of employment." McCandless is concerned that Sorenson's wages may be higher than those offered by five other call centers in coal country. "Is a wage war bad for the county? No, as long as it doesn't hurt the ability of existing businesses to keep their workers," he said. "Our labor market is tightening up. Hopefully, we can coordinate with the owners of the new call center so it's good for everybody," McCandless said. Delynn Fielding, Carbon County's economic development director, said Sorenson is a "very progressive, rapidly growing company" whose presence will help the area's economy. Five years ago, Sorenson employed 35 people. Today, the company has 3,500 employees, including 500 in Utah.
EXECS LESS CONFIDENT ABOUT ECONOMY Surveys of corporate chief executives and chief financial officers show sharp declines in optimism about the economy and business conditions, providing more evidence that the economy is slowing. Just 9 percent of chief financial officers said they were more optimistic about the economy in December than they had been three months earlier, a record low. "We've never seen anything like that," said John Graham, a finance professor at Duke University, which conducted the survey with CFO Magazine. "CFO optimism is spiraling downward." The monthly survey of chief executives released found that 41 percent expected employment in the economy would decrease over the next three months, by far the largest such figure since the survey began in late 2002. Only 16 percent forecast an improvement in employment, with the rest expecting no change. As recently as July, only 12 percent forecast the employment situation would worsen. "CEOs have been clear over the past several months that they are worried about the economic climate," said Edward Kopko, the publisher of Chief Executive magazine. "The recent dramatic drop in confidence may suggest that the worst is yet to come," Kopko said. Overall, the CEO confidence index fell for the fourth consecutive month, and was the lowest since May 2003.
TOP WORRY: HEALTH COSTS The cost of employee health insurance is the top worry of Utah executives in a Zions Bank economic forecast that also shows optimism about the state's economy is softening. It was the first time that health insurance costs have topped the list of concerns of Utah business leaders, according to the bank's latest Utah Quarterly Economic Forecast, out Thursday. Zions has issued forecasts gauging the health of the Utah economy from the perspective of senior executives every three months since the second quarter of 2006. The forecasts are prepared by research firm Dan Jones and Associates. During the previous five quarters, the cost of employee health insurance has always ranked as the No. 2 concern, behind finding enough qualified workers when unemployment is at historic lows. Rob Brough, Zions executive vice president of communications and marketing, said the rise of health care costs to the forefront of the business leaders' thinking may be related to the annual period in late fall when most companies announce adjustments to their health care plans. In recent years, those adjustments have often been painful. "Certainly, at that time employees are more aware and more conscious of the premium increases in health insurance. Because of that, [the issue] raises itself on CEOs' radar screens because they are hearing from more employees about perhaps it being an issue," Brough said. The cost to insure a Utah family rose 71.8 percent from 2000 to 2006, to $10,832 annually, according to a report by Families USA, a nonpartisan consumer health care advocacy group. During the same period, median earnings of Utah workers increased 9.9 percent, to $23,620. The need to reform health care "is huge. It is a big deal. It's the No. 1 issue that we're working on," said Michael De Groote, a Salt Lake Chamber spokesman. The level of concern about health insurance costs was pegged at 5.6 on an index that ranges from 1 to 7. Scores between 5 and 7 are said to be high-level concerns, according to Zions. Pat Jones, co-owner of Dan Jones and Associates, said the results mirror what she has been hearing in focus groups she has conducted across Utah on behalf of various clients. "The lack of affordability of health insurance is impacting employers' decisions about [whether a company will hire workers] and who are hired," Jones said. Other top economic concerns among executives during the quarter were finding qualified employees (5.5), keeping qualified employees (5.13), gasoline prices (5.04) and the cost of salaries and wages (4.84). Among the top worries, the cost of health insurance was the only one with an increased level of concern compared to previous quarters of this year. Zions said executives are more guarded in their optimism abut the financial future of their companies than they were during previous quarters. "With the exception of the fourth quarter of 2006, this continues a trend towards 'somewhat optimistic,' rather than 'very optimistic,' " the bank said. According to Zions, 79 percent of executives surveyed during the third quarter said they were optimistic about the financial futures of their firms. That was down from 85 percent in the previous quarter and lower than the fourth quarter of last year, when optimism last peaked at 88 percent of the respondents. Jones said much of the growing uncertainty comes from worries about the subprime lending crisis and weaker housing markets that are suffering from declining sales and falling prices. "The uneasiness - I call it the blanket of uncertainty - is having a ripple effect on many different industries. Companies are not as certain as they used to be that they can sustain the way they've been doing business for the last few years," Jones said.
HUNTSMAN'S BUDGET: WE LIKE HIS PRIORITIES Gov. Jon Huntsman's latest budget strikes us as a plan that follows the news, and that's a good thing. Utah teachers are leaving the profession or fleeing to neighboring states for higher pay. Huntsman has responded with a proposed 7 percent boost in the basic funding formula for schools that should result in teacher raises. Plus, he has put aside extra money for math and science teachers. The state's prison system has farmed out inmates to county jails, but high-profile escapes this year have proved some of those jails are not secure. They also lack treatment programs. The Republican governor's budget responds to both problems and would expand the Gunnison prison faster. The burgeoning population is putting increased pressure on roads, and the state's bridges are falling apart. Huntsman's budget would provide $220 million in cash for 16 choke-point projects, corridor preservation and congestion relief, and to repair bridges. Opinion polls say health insurance is a major voter concern. Huntsman will soon propose a state-based overhaul plan, and his budget includes a $30-million down payment. But something is missing from this budget: tax cuts. That's also a good thing. We agree with him that now is a good time for a tax-cut holiday. Yes, the Utah economy remains strong and there is once again a significant state revenue "surplus." Besides, the governor and Legislature have done quite a bit of tax tinkering in recent years and no one knows what the long-term consequences will be. They have removed a portion of the sales tax on food and created a modified flat income tax. How those changes will affect state revenues, particularly in a recession, is anyone's guess. On another tax front, legislators are hearing a lot of griping from taxpayers in a few pockets of the state who are complaining of steeply rising property taxes. But most of those beefs are attributable to the failure of county assessors to keep valuations current, not to an underlying flaw in the property tax system. The subprime lending crisis already is moderating growth in Utah real estate prices. So, again, now is not the time to be tinkering with property taxes. Overall, we like Huntsman's priorities. We hope the Legislature will, too.
INFLATION AT FASTEST RATE IN 34 YEARS WASHINGTON - A record jump in gasoline prices pushed up wholesale inflation in November at the fastest pace in more than three decades, while retail sales showed unexpected strength. The Labor Department said Thursday that wholesale prices rose by 3.2 percent last month, the biggest increase in 34 years. The jump reflected a 34.8 percent surge in gasoline prices. Outside of energy and food, core inflation posted a 0.4 percent jump, double what was expected. But in more upbeat economic news, the Commerce Department reported that retail sales increased by a better-than-expected 1.2 percent last month. It was the biggest sales advance in six months and evidence of widespread strength in a number of areas, from department stores to clothing shops and furniture stores. All of these problems have pushed consumer confidence down to the lowest point in two years, leading economists to forecast a subpar performance by holiday shoppers this year. The big jump in wholesale prices was worrisome, economists said, because it was not limited to energy. ''The Fed has some worries on inflation,'' said David Wyss, chief economist at Standard & Poor's
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7-8 Surface Use for Mineral Development in the New West Finding a Good Ground. Westin Hotel, Westminster, CO. For more info. visit www.rmmlf.org 12-14 National Western Mining Conference and Exhibition, Westin Tabor Center, Denver, CO. For more info.visit www.coloradomining.org
5-6 High Altitude Revegetation Workshop, Hilton Hotel, Fort Collins, Colorado. For more info. call Wendell Hassell at 303-422-2440. 18- 22 Alaska Miners Association Conference, Westmark Fairbanks Hotel & Conference Center, Alaska. For more info. visit www.arcticminers.org
30-1 RMCMI Colorado-Utah meeting, Grand Junction, CO. For more info. visit www.rmcmi.org
10 UMA Educational Golf Touranment, Riverbend Golf Course, Riverton, Utah 17-18 Safety First: Be part of the solution to prevent substance abuse in the mines. University of Utah Campus, Salt Lake City, Utah. Details regarding registration fee and lodging will be available early in 2008. See website: uuhsc.utah.edu/uas 29-1 RMCMI Convention, The Canyons, Park City, Utah. For more info. visit www.rmcmi.org
14-15 UMA 93RD ANNUAL CONVENTION, GRAND SUMMIT HOTEL, PARK CITY, UTAH
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